Xylitol
The short version
A natural sugar alcohol with the sweetness of sucrose but about 40% fewer calories.
It's widely considered safe at the amounts used in food, so we mark it green. The Safety section below has the details.
Where it comes from
Naturally present in many fruits and vegetables. Commercially produced from birch bark or corn cobs via hydrogenation of xylose.
How it's used
Used in sugar-free gum, mints, toothpaste, mouthwash, candies, and diabetic foods. Notably, it inhibits Streptococcus mutans, reducing dental caries.
Safety profile
No ADI specified. Considered safe for humans. Doses above 30–50 g/day can cause diarrhea due to osmotic effect. CRITICAL: highly toxic to dogs — even small amounts can cause hypoglycemia and liver failure.
Physical & chemical properties
White crystalline powder, very soluble in water. Dissolves with a cool sensation due to negative heat of dissolution.
Regulation worldwide
Permitted globally. Mandatory laxative warning above certain levels in some jurisdictions.
Educational information only. Not medical or dietary advice.