Citric Acid Esters of MDG (CITREM)
The short version
CITREM — a strong, kid-friendly emulsifier used in infant formula, plant milks, and meat-analog foods.
It's widely considered safe at the amounts used in food, so we mark it green. The Safety section below has the details.
Where it comes from
Manufactured by esterifying mono- and diglycerides with citric acid. The citrate groups provide additional ionic character, making CITREM a stronger and more pH-tolerant emulsifier than plain MDG.
How it's used
A workhorse emulsifier in infant formula (allowed where the more controversial polysorbates are restricted), plant milks (soy, oat, almond) for fat-droplet stabilization, meat-analog products, and non-dairy creamers. Provides reliable emulsion stability across a wide pH range.
Safety profile
ADI not specified — considered safe (EFSA 2017 re-evaluation). Hydrolyzed in digestion to citric acid, glycerol, and fatty acids — all normal dietary components.
Physical & chemical properties
Off-white to amber waxy solid or paste, with a slightly sour citrus note. Soluble in warm oils and water-dispersible.
Regulation worldwide
Permitted globally — one of the few emulsifiers approved for infant formula in most jurisdictions.
Educational information only. Not medical or dietary advice.