Allura Red AC
The short version
The dominant red food dye in many markets — used in soft drinks, candies, and cake icings.
A synthetic red dye (Allura Red / Red 40). It's approved and used everywhere, but synthetic dyes like this were linked in some studies to hyperactivity in sensitive children, and the EU makes products carry a warning label. That's why we flag it.
Where it comes from
Developed by Allied Chemical in 1971 as a replacement for amaranth (E123) after safety concerns arose. Produced from petroleum-derived intermediates by azo coupling.
How it's used
Used in soft drinks, candies, sausage casings, cake icings, and dairy products. The most widely used red food dye in the US (FD&C Red 40) and many international markets.
Safety profile
ADI of 7 mg/kg body weight. Part of the Southampton six requiring EU hyperactivity warning. A 2021 California EPA review noted potential neurobehavioral concerns at higher exposure levels in children.
Physical & chemical properties
Dark red crystalline powder, very soluble in water. Stable to light, heat, and acid; degraded by reducing agents. High tinctorial strength — small amounts produce strong color.
Regulation worldwide
Permitted in the EU (with Southampton warning) and US (FD&C Red 40, no warning required). Banned in Denmark, Belgium, France, Sweden, and Switzerland.
Educational information only. Not medical or dietary advice.