Glycerol Esters of Wood Rosin
The short version
Brominated rosin — the citrus-flavored-soft-drink density adjuster, controversial outside the EU.
It's permitted and generally considered safe, but there are a few reasons to be mindful — like sensitivities in some people, debated studies, or intake limits. The Safety section below explains the specifics.
Where it comes from
Produced by esterifying glycerol with the rosin acids from softwood-tree resin (pine, spruce). The result is a viscous semi-solid used since the 1930s as a beverage-density adjuster.
How it's used
Added at 50–100 ppm to citrus-flavored soft drinks to match the density of the flavor oils to that of the beverage water phase — prevents the citrus oils from rising as a top ring during storage. Replaced the controversial brominated vegetable oil (BVO) in many EU reformulations. Also a chewing-gum base component.
Safety profile
ADI of 0–12.5 mg/kg body weight (JECFA). Considered safe at use levels. Long history of beverage use without documented adverse effects.
Physical & chemical properties
Pale amber viscous semi-solid. Oil-soluble; insoluble in water.
Regulation worldwide
Permitted in the EU, US, and most jurisdictions for beverage applications.
Educational information only. Not medical or dietary advice.