Karaya Gum
The short version
A traditional Indian tree-resin gum — strong water absorption, used as a bulk laxative and a clean-label thickener.
It's widely considered safe at the amounts used in food, so we mark it green. The Safety section below has the details.
Where it comes from
Exuded from the wounded bark of Sterculia urens, a tree native to India. The dried resin is collected, ground, and graded. Use dates back centuries in Indian medicine and crafts. Western pharmacopeia use began in the 19th century.
How it's used
The strongest swelling food gum — absorbs many times its weight in water. Used in bulk laxatives (where the swelling creates fecal mass), as a thickener in salad dressings and meringues, and in denture adhesives. Less common in mainstream processed foods because of its strong acetic-acid character (released by partial deacetylation in storage).
Safety profile
ADI not specified (EFSA 2017 re-evaluation, considered safe). Treated as a soluble fiber; not absorbed. May trigger asthma in workers with chronic inhalation exposure (occupational concern, not food).
Physical & chemical properties
Off-white to pale brown crumbly granules. Limited cold-water solubility but swells dramatically. Slowly releases acetic acid on storage in water, giving an acidic note.
Regulation worldwide
Permitted globally without restrictive limits.
Educational information only. Not medical or dietary advice.