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E231PreservativeModerate concern
Orthophenylphenol
In plain words
The short version
A surface treatment for citrus and pomes — applied to the skin to prevent post-harvest mold.
Why we flag it amber
It's permitted and generally considered safe, but there are a few reasons to be mindful — like sensitivities in some people, debated studies, or intake limits. The Safety section below explains the specifics.
Safety profile
ADI of 0–0.4 mg/kg body weight (EFSA 2008). Not approved for direct food use. The whole fruit (skin + flesh) consumed quantities of OPP are very low, but the treatment is the reason zest from untreated organic fruit is preferred in cooking. Mild skin and eye irritant in handling.
The detail
Educational information only. Not medical or dietary advice.