Fast Green FCF
The short version
A US-approved synthetic green triarylmethane dye — not approved in the EU.
It's permitted and generally considered safe, but there are a few reasons to be mindful — like sensitivities in some people, debated studies, or intake limits. The Safety section below explains the specifics.
Where it comes from
Synthesized from petroleum-derived intermediates as the disodium triarylmethane salt. Introduced in the 1920s. Closely related to brilliant blue (E133); the structural difference shifts the absorbance from blue to green.
How it's used
Used in the US in canned peas and other green vegetables, sherbet, jellies, ice cream, and some toothpaste — provides a vivid blue-green tone. EU-banned since 1977 because of early animal-study concerns; the same studies were later considered inconclusive but the EU position has not changed.
Safety profile
ADI of 12.5 mg/kg body weight (FDA). Not in the Southampton six trial. Some early bladder-tumor concerns from rat studies have not been reproduced in modern toxicology. Limited absorption (~5% in humans) — most is excreted unchanged in feces.
Physical & chemical properties
Dark green to red-brown crystalline powder. Very soluble in water. Stable to acid and heat in food matrices.
Regulation worldwide
Permitted in the US (FD&C Green No. 3) and several other markets. Not approved in the EU or UK.
Educational information only. Not medical or dietary advice.