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E171ColorantHigh concern
Titanium Dioxide
In plain words
The short version
A brilliant white opacifier — banned as a food additive in the EU since 2022 due to nanoparticle genotoxicity concerns.
Why we flag it
It carries notable concerns — tight limits, real sensitivities, or contested safety. The Safety section below explains why.
Safety profile
In 2021 EFSA concluded that food-grade E171 cannot be considered safe due to the potential for genotoxicity from the nanoparticle fraction. The EU banned it as a food additive in 2022 (Regulation 2022/63). Still permitted in the US, UK, Canada, and most other jurisdictions; pharmaceutical use remains exempted.
The detail
Educational information only. Not medical or dietary advice.